性別が異なる二卵性双生児を特に異性双生児という。日本では異性双生児のことを「ミックスツイン」と呼称する場合も多い。ただし、英語のmixed twins英語版は混血 (Multiracial) の親から生まれた双子を指し、異性双生児を指す英語はmixed sex twinsまたはopposite sex twinsである。
半一卵性双生児(polar body twins[20]、あるいはhalf identical twins)は、排卵された一卵が受精前に分裂して二卵になったことから二卵性双生児として誕生する、双生児の種別の一つ。理論上でその存在は指摘されているが、検証が困難であることに加え、そもそも存在が稀であるため確認されたことはない。卵母細胞性双生児、二精子一卵性双生児とも呼ばれる。半一卵性双生児は各々75%のDNAを共有している。また、異性双生児として誕生する可能性が、通常の二卵性双生児の場合と同様に存在する。
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